Since, there is no safe established additional screening tool to further differentiate these lesions and since malignancy rates are overall too high to justify follow-up alone, almost all mammographic microcalcifications undergo biopsy to exclude malignancy. They display great heterogeneity, probably owing to data being pooled from different subgroups (BI-RADS 4a-4c). Reported Positive Predictive Values (PPVs) for BI-RADS 4 lesions are low, ranging from 20–65.2% as assessed by histopathology. Reported disease prevalence for BI-RADS 4 mammographic microcalcifications range from 32 to 65.2% and from 91.4 to 100% for BI-RADS 5 rated lesions. This is due to the wide range of malignancy rates that was found for BI-RADS 3 mammographic microcalcifications (0–9.7%) that do not comply with the BI-RADS definition of BI-RADS 3 lesions, which are characterized with a disease prevalence of less than 2%. The most recent BI-RADS lexicon has eliminated BI-RADS 3 rating for such lesions. Mammographic microcalcifications are rated according to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) criteria. These lesions are currently further assessed mostly by percutaneous biopsy or by follow-up. Since approximately 80% of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) present only as microcalcifications at mammography, mammographic microcalcifications represent an important imaging hallmark that need to be further evaluated. Mammographic microcalcifications are detected in about one third of screening mammograms and are found in up to 40% of breast cancers. ![]() Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 PPV, Invasive Carcinoma with Extensive Intraductal Component DCIS, This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This article was supported by the Open Access Publishing Fund of the University of Vienna.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. ![]() Received: FebruAccepted: NovemPublished: November 30, 2017Ĭopyright: © 2017 Bennani-Baiti et al. PLoS ONE 12(11):Įditor: Aamir Ahmad, University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, UNITED STATES Citation: Bennani-Baiti B, Dietzel M, Baltzer PA (2017) MRI for the assessment of malignancy in BI-RADS 4 mammographic microcalcifications.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |